StoreDot’s technology would enable drivers to charge their car batteries in less time than the company needs to explain how it works. (screenshot from israel21c.org)
StoreDot made headlines when it unveiled its prototype instant phone battery charger at last year’s Microsoft ThinkNext exhibition in Tel Aviv. The flash-battery/flash-charger unit could be available on smartphones by the end of this year. And, at the 2015 ThinkNext in early May, the Israeli company announced that it intends to demonstrate its five-minute ultra-fast-charge car battery next year.
This groundbreaking technology would enable drivers to charge their car batteries in less time than StoreDot needs to explain how it works.
StoreDot specializes in cost-effective, environmentally friendly nanotechnologies using organic materials that increase electrode capacitance and electrolyte performance. This is the recipe for making batteries that can be fully charged in minutes rather than hours.
While competitors in the electric-vehicle space seek to increase mileage per battery charge, StoreDot is focusing on dramatically reducing charging time.
“This is part of our larger initiative to commercialize a proprietary game-changing technology of fast-charging batteries that would transform the lives of smartphone users as well as drivers,” said StoreDot chief executive officer Doron Myersdorf.
The privately owned StoreDot, incorporated in Israel in 2012, also announced the opening of its new facility in Herzliya, housing an organic chemistry lab, battery material development lab and R&D battery production line.
Israel21C is a nonprofit educational foundation with a mission to focus media and public attention on the 21st-century Israel that exists beyond the conflict. For more, or to donate, visit israel21c.org.
הורהליצרניותהסיגרותלשלםלמעלהמ-15 מיליארדדולר. (צילום: Andrew Magill via commons.wikimedia.org)
התביעה הגדולה בתולדות קנדה: בית המשפט העליון בקוויבק הורה ליצרניות הסיגרות לשלם למעלה מ-15 מיליארד דולר למעשנים
בית המשפט העליון של מחוז קוויבק הורה לשלוש יצרניות סיגריות הגדולות ביותר קנדה, לשלם 15.6 מיליארד דולר למעשנים. זאת לאור הנזקים הכבדים שנגרמו להם מעישון. מדובר בתביעה יצוגית בהיקף הכספי הגדול ביותר בהיסטוריה של קנדה עד היום. כצפוי שלוש יצרניות הסיגריות אימפריאל טובקו קנדה, ג’י.טי.איי מקדונלד קורופרשיין ורוטמנס-בנסון אנד הדג’יס אינק, הזדרזו כבר והודיעו כי יערערו על פסק הדין שפורסם לפני מספר ימים.
ההליך המשפטי המורכב נגד חברות הסיגריות החל לפני כשלוש שנים. התביעה מתייחסת לנזקי העישון שנגרמו למעשנים בחמישים השנים האחרונות. בפועל מדובר בשתי תביעות שאוחדו: הראשונה של כמאה אלף מתושבי קוויבק שחלו בסרטן עקב העישון וחלקם כבר נפטרו, והשנייה של כתשעה מאות אלף מתושבי קוויבק שמכורים לעישון סיגריות.
בפסק הדין ציין בית המשפט העליון כי ליצרניות הסיגריות אחריות ישירה לנזקים שנגרמו למעשנים, בזמן שהן בחרו שלא לעדכנם בדבר נזקי העישון הכבדים הצפויים להם. הנתבעות טענו מצידן כי המעשנים היו מודעים לנזקי העישון שצפויים להם, וכן כי הסיגריות נמכרות בקנדה באופן חוקי ובאישור הממשלה הפדרלית.
יצויין כי בית המשפט לערעורים של מחוז אונטריו דחה לפני מספר ימים, בקשה של יצרניות הסיגריות לבטל תביעה נגדן. ובכך ניתן אור ירוק להמשיך בתביעה מצד ממשלת אונטריו נגד חברות הסיגריות שהיקפה לא פחות מחמישים מיליארד דולר. גם במחוזות של בריטיש קולומביה וניו ברנזוויק הגשו תביעות דומות לבתי המשפט המקומיים, נגד יצרניות הסיגריות. ואילו בשאר המחוזות בקנדה גם נפתחו הליכי תביעה שעדיין לא הגיעו לבתי המשפט.
ועוד בנושא המלחמה ביצרניות הסיגריות: בחודש מאי הוקמה קרן צדקה של המיליארדר היהודי-אמריקני, מייקל בלומברג, לשעבר ראש עיריית ניו יורק, כדי לסייע לממשלות ברחבי העולם להילחם בתעשיית הסיגריות. הקרן אמורה לסייע למדינות שמתקשות לצמצם את העישון, באמצעות אספקת יועצים משפטיים לתמיכה בחקיקה נגד יצרניות הסיגריות. תקציב הקרן של בלומברג ארבעה מיליון דולר בשלב זה, ומובטחות לה תרומות מהקרן של ביל ומלינדה גייטס.
לפי הערכות בארגוני הבריאות העישון גרם למותם של עשרה מיליון איש במאה העשרים, והוא ויגרום למותם של מיליארד איש במאה הנוכחית.
הכלב הוא חברו הטוב ביותר של האדם: כלבת לברדור עזרה לילדה להעיד בבית המשפט
לראשונה בקנדה נעשה שימוש בכלב כדי לעזור לעדים במצוקה להעיד בבתי המשפט הפליליים. כל גורמי האכיפה, השפיטה והעובדים הסוציאליים מציינים בחיוב רב את השימוש בכלבים לראשונה לצרכים יחודיים אלה.
ילדה שחוותה תקיפה מינית ונמצאת בטרומה קשה מאוד נעזרה בעדותה לפני מספר ימים בבית המשפט המחוזי בעיר סרי, בכלבה בת שבע מסוג לברדור צהוב העונה לשם קאבר. הכלבה ממשרתת במשטרת העיר דלתא מאז 2010. השימוש בכלבה בעת הדיונים בבית המשפט התאפשר, לאחר שהשופט בתיק אישר את בקשת פרקליטות המדינה להיעזר בה.
ברגעים הקשים במשפט כאשר קורבן התקיפה המינית התקשתה לתאר מה עבר עליה עת הותקפה, היא חיבקה וליטפה את קאבר שהייתה צמודה לרגליה, ופשוט הרגיעה וניחמה אותה כל הזמן.
במסגרת ניסוי במשטרת דלתא בשלוש השנים האחרונות, קאבר הובאה לחקירות של קורבנות של מעשים פליליים, כדי שתעזור להם להירגע בזמן שמסרו את עדותם. לאור הצלחתו של הניסוי היוצא דופן הזה, הוחלט כאמור לראשונה להיעזר בכלבה גם בין כתלי בית המשפט. גורמים שקשורים במשפט הביעו סיפוק מהפתיחות שבית המשפט גילה כאשר איפשר להשתמש בקאבר.
After years of writing poems that blend his Algerian/Arabic background and his Ashkenazi-influenced schooling, Israeli poet Erez Biton, 73, this year received the Israel Prize for Hebrew literature and poetry. Born to Moroccan parents in Oran, Algeria, in 1942, he is the first Israeli of Mizrahi descent to win the country’s top literary honor, though he is no stranger to awards for his work.
“Poetry is like a tale of an elusive dream, but one must not give up,” Biton told the Independent. “One must, to a certain extent, pursue this elusiveness and try to catch it and change it into the poetic expression. The coping is with the controlling, the conscious, the immediate, which prevents an encounter with the twilight sensation that enables the poem to dawn.”
Biton envisions poetry as an independent, physical sense. “The poem is a continuation of you, added to you by the poetic ability,” he explained. “Just as it is difficult to catch the tale of a dream, so does the poem impose, sometimes for the good, sometimes for the bad.”
By internalizing the poetry of such writers as Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Nathan Alterman, Yehuda Amichai, Zelda Schneurson Mishkovsky, Amir Gilboa, Dahlia Ravikovitch and Avot Yeshurun, Biton said he developed a poetic stance of his own. “If, at first, I wrote love poems of a boy seeking his path to the world of poems, which were defined as universal existential with no description of time and place, then, in my additional poetry, I had become totally concrete, and thus saw myself as different from others.”
Biton started on his artistic journey with the help of Elisheva Kaplan, a piano teacher at Biton’s school who stopped teaching in order to dedicate her life to translating written books into Braille. This was essential for Biton, as he lost his sight at the age of 10.
Kaplan brought some of Biton’s poems to Shimon Halkin, an Israeli poet, novelist, teacher and translator (who passed away in 1987). Upon reading Biton’s work, “Halkin suggested that I send my poetry to [the now defunct literary magazine] Keshet,” said Biton. “I received an enthusiastic letter from the editor of Keshet, Aharon Amir, in response to reading my poems ‘Jaffa Street,’ ‘Variations on One Subject of Bach,’ and more.”
When Biton lost his sight and left hand to an explosive device he found while playing, he recalled, “This was a type of loss, a death of an intimate entity, which until the age of 10 and a half, was a part of me. And, to lose that, [it’s as though] something dies in you. With this death, I am in negotiation.”
Biton decided to become a social worker instead of a writer. “There was no one I could show my poems to,” he said. However, he added, “as a result of my encounter with human suffering as a social worker, I acquired compassion, sensitivity to others, which were later absorbed into my poems.”
Biton immigrated to Israel in 1948 with his family. The year after he lost his sight, he went to school at Jerusalem’s Institute for the Blind. He received his bachelor’s in social work from the Hebrew University, his master’s in psychology from Bar-Ilan University, then worked as a social worker for many years. He also worked as a journalist and was a columnist for Maariv. His first book, Mincha Marokait (Moroccan Gift), was published in 1976.
Biton’s decision to become a social worker stemmed from his identification with the hardships involved with making aliya. His experiences have also contributed to his poetry.
“The process of my growth ripened in me foundations of lyric sensitivity that came to expression in the poetic writing,” he said. “A writing of truth can grow through a deep encounter with different life situations and I say that all human suffering is not foreign to me. Therefore, I find in myself a space of accommodation and also of the unusual and the different.”
Biton expressed gratitude for the recognition he has attained, saying if he is to be considered part of the chain of poets that includes writers such as Bialik, “a great grace will be done with me. And grace will be done with me also by those who will see me as someone who opened a certain door, because it took time until people started to talk my language.”
Biton does not see himself as a man of religion, but said, “Moroccan associations echo in me, biblical associations echo in me. All the materials I treasured, which I internalized – poems of Bialik – all the materials that I absorbed, especially the Moroccan language, it was an immense joy to me to give an echo to something from an entirely different me.
“One of the unique components in the writing of my poems is the use of expressions in Arabic…. During the healing of the internal tears, I found myself writing poems that embed in the Hebrew syntax expressions in Moroccan Arabic, which was my childhood language.”
His work has paved the way for others. “I used in my poetry groundbreaking Moroccan expressions and, eventually, other poets used the expression ‘Moroccan’ as a title to the names of their creations,” he said.
“I’m in a battle of two phases. One says blindness is a great lacking, an endless depravation of encountering the world…. On the other hand, when I am a bit more reconciled with myself, there are also the possibilities of hearing, touching and listening to the speaking of people, as a type of melody.”
Of course, not only his cultural background has influenced his writing. “On the sensory level,” he said, “I’m in a battle of two phases. One says blindness is a great lacking, an endless depravation of encountering the world … emphasized by the recognition of the memory of seeing until the age of 11.
“On the other hand, when I am a bit more reconciled with myself, there are also the possibilities of hearing, touching and listening to the speaking of people, as a type of melody. The sensation, the touch of a woman, the face of a woman, the lips of a woman – all of these are at the other side of the scale of what there is.”
Integral to his success has been his wife. “In my attempt to understand the proceeds that happened in my work, I cannot ignore the significance of my marriage to Rachel in the year 1982,” he said.
Biton’s wife, Rachel Calahorra, is an architect and graduate of the Technion in Haifa. She was born in Israel to parents who emigrated from Athens. The couple met in early 1980.
“What was special in our relationship was we believed in each other, in the intellectual capability and the emotional side of deep love,” said Biton. “Our connection as a couple led also to a mutual intellectual cultural search toward an integration … between East and West.
“The marriage, the starting of the family, and its expansion in the birth of our children, Asaf and Shlomit, sharpened in me the question of blindness and my place as a blind person in the family, as a father and a husband.”
Biton found himself writing poems like, “The Joy of Your Eyes” and “Arrangement with a Firstborn.”
“Without a doubt,” he said, “my marriage to Rachel was a very significant turnaround, not only in the course of my life, but also in my writing, with the complexity of her life with me as a blind person, in her endless support of my overall actions.”
While Biton has won other awards for his work, with the receipt of the Israel Prize this year, as well as the Bialik Prize for lifetime achievement and the Yehuda Amichai Prize last year, he said he now feels more accepted.
The Israel Prize committee described his poems as, “The epitome of courageous dealings, sensitive and deep with a wide range of personal and collective experiences centred around the pain of migration, planting roots in the country and the reestablishment of the Mizrahi identity as an integral part of the overall Israeli portrait.”
In his speech at the prize ceremony, Biton said, “My parents were like an open book to me. My mother was a collection of poetry in Arabic, carrying an ancient Jewish legacy. And, indeed, so I have become an accumulation of childhood experiences, experiences of lively observation, of freedom of movement in spaces, climbing on trees and on fences, and a lot of running.
“I was an accumulation of sounds, of dialects, or poetry, from my father’s home. Eleven years of freedom of movement and seeing … sensory treasures were collected in me … of which I make use still today.”
In her retirement, Jocelyne Hallé plans to keep working as a photographer. (photo by Rachel Lando)
Members of the Vancouver Jewish community know Jocelyne Hallé. For years, she has been the official photographer of the Jewish Community Centre of Greater Vancouver, taking pictures at gala dinners and art presentations. As well, her smiling face and helpful optimism have enhanced the centre’s membership desk and greeted many members, new and old, whenever they enter the building. But, after June 25, she will no longer be there. She is retiring.
“I came to work at the JCC in 2001,” Hallé said in an interview with the Independent. “Before, I used to work for several engineering firms, as a translator or executive assistant, but, by 2001, I grew unhappy with my job. I wanted a change, so I applied to an employment agency.”
She had never thought about a job at the JCC. “My agent took me for an interview but she didn’t tell me where she was taking me,” Hallé recalled. “She just said it would be a new environment for me and that I would like it. She brought me to an interview with Gerry Zipursky [executive director of the centre at the time]. The interview lasted for two hours, the longest interview of my life, and, after that, he hired me to be his personal assistant.”
When she started her new job, Hallé didn’t know anything about the local Jewish community or Jewish culture, or even about working at a community centre in general.
“I asked him why he hired me, a non-Jew,” she said, wondering aloud. “But he said he only wanted his assistant to be competent and sensitive to the situation in the Middle East. I guess I was both, although I don’t remember talking much during the interview. He did most of the talking.”
She admitted that the adjustment period wasn’t easy. “I had to learn so much. But the more I learned about the community and the Jewish culture, the more I fell in love with it. When, in 2005, I went with the others for a working trip to Israel, I felt very comfortable, as if it was home.”
The year 2005 was a milestone for her in many respects. She took thousands of photographs in Israel, and the experience propelled her lifelong passion for photography to a new level. Her photos of Israel adorned an entire wall of the JCC atrium for three years. Her affection for the country and the people reverberated through the images she captured. “It was so gratifying to see people standing in front of that wall, looking at my pictures,” she said. (In 2009, Hallé landed a show at the JCC’s Sidney and Gertrude Zack Gallery. “My friends told me that if they didn’t know better and only judged by my photos, they would’ve thought Israel a green country,” she confided happily.)
Another, sadder event also happen in 2005 – she was diagnosed with breast cancer soon after she returned from Israel. “Cancer changed me, in a good way,” she said. “Contrary to everyone’s expectations, it was a positive experience. I realized what was important in life. I learned who was a real friend and who wasn’t. Before, I was working too much, always tired and heading for depression, but my illness gave me leave to take care of myself.”
She took time to recover and, after two years, returned to the JCC. Her former boss was no longer there, so she started working at the membership desk. “It was a different environment,” she explained. “I finally met many community members and I was away from all the politics. I loved it. Everyone was very friendly and helpful; I felt almost a part of the family.”
She continued learning about the community, immersing herself in the culture and traditions. “By now, I know so much about Jewish ways, people often ask me questions. I explain to them about Rosh Hashana and Shabbat and other celebrations. Many are surprised to learn that I’m not Jewish. To tell the truth, sometimes I feel that I’m kind of Jew-ish. We joke about it.”
In January this year, Hallé turned 60, and decided it was time to retire.
“In the last couple of years, a few of my friends died,” she shared. “It was very upsetting, but I’m alive. I’m ecstatic to be 60. I want to travel, to take some class, to work more on my photography. Recently, I went to Nicaragua for a month; I worked there as a volunteer and I want to do it again. I want to visit Galapagos and Kenya. I might volunteer with the JCC Seniors.”
Hallé is sure that her work for the JCC created an opportunity for her to develop as an artist photographer. With the support and encouragement of her colleagues and friends, she continues to explore her chosen art form. “I have nine photographic events booked this summer, right after I retire,” she said. “I’ll do a bar mitzvah, a wedding, a fundraiser, even a dance festival.”
Hallé’s plans are still in flux, but they expand every day, perhaps enough to fill the next 60 years.
To learn more about Hallé, the photographer, visit her website, jocelynehalle.com.
Olga Livshin is a Vancouver freelance writer. She can be reached at [email protected].
Hebrew Free Loan Association president Michelle Dodek, second from the right, with, left to right, past association presidents Errol Lipschitz, Diane Friedman and Mannie Druker. (photo by Dan Poh)
One hundred years of anything in Vancouver is fairly unusual. On May 7 at the newly rebuilt Beth Israel, the Vancouver Hebrew Free Loan Association celebrated the remarkable milestone of 100 years since it was originally founded.
In January 1915, the year that the Vancouver Millionaires won the Stanley Cup, a group of Jews gathered for the first meeting of the Vancouver HFLA. Designed to give interest-free loans to Jewish people starting out in the community, the association played an integral part in helping establish many early Jewish businesses and getting people settled here.
The HFLA Centennial Celebration reflected its grassroots beginning with a relaxed, different kind of evening. Casual picnic-chic décor and a picnic-style menu went with the fact that the event was held on Lag b’Omer. Greeting the guests were actors and musicians from the volunteer troupe Kol Halev. They were dressed in period costume and introduced themselves in character, sharing “their personal stories” as the founders of Jewish lending in Vancouver.
These actors provided an interactive beginning to an evening that was designed to raise the profile of HFLA. Through a multi-media approach, the event managed to educate those in attendance about the valuable role that interest-free loans play in Vancouver’s Jewish community.
Members of the Kol Halev performance troupe, who represented the Jewish community at the time of Hebrew Free Loan Association’s founding 100 years ago. (photo by Dan Poh)
The program began with a short d’var Torah by Beth Israel Rabbi Jonathan Infeld, touching on the relationship between Lag b’Omer and interest-free lending. HFLA president Michelle Dodek followed the rabbi’s comments by explaining the three objectives of the event: to raise awareness in the community by sharing what HFLA does, to honor the donors and board members who have made the work of the organization possible, and to look to the future. She recognized the multi-generational links of those in attendance, including the remarkable fourth-generation connection of the three Krell sisters (Shoshana Lewis, Simone Kallner and Michaela Singerman), whose great-grandfather, David Davis, was a contributor to the original Vancouver HFLA kitty in 1915 and served as a trustee in 1931. Their grandfather, Charles Davis, was one of the founders of the re-creation of the organization in 1979.
Dodek’s speech was followed by a short video featuring two former borrowers, Mihael Mamychshvili, a prominent shiatsu therapist and Barbi Braude, a graphic designer. Joe Segal and Shirley Barnett shared their historical perspectives and goals for the organization.
Guests then heard from four borrowers whose lives were changed by the loans they received from HFLA. Successful entrepreneurs Zach Berman and Ryan Slater began their business, the Juice Truck, with help from HFLA. Val Lev Dolgin used an education loan to earn her master’s in counseling psychology; she now helps children who have survived physical and sexual abuse. George Medvedev, a neurologist, shared how he and his wife, a hematologist, used a loan to help them when they first arrived in Canada from the USSR almost 20 years ago.
Another story was read by a volunteer to respect the anonymity of the borrower because of the sensitive nature of her situation, while the story of former borrower Maxim Fomitchev was shared by his friend, Tobi Lennet. Briefly, Fomitchev, a deaf mime, while touring with his troupe of mime artists from the USSR in 1991, defected, accompanied by his performing partner. The two found themselves volunteering for Jewish Family Service Agency and, within two years, Fomitchev borrowed money for a car to get from one mime gig to another. He has since achieved one of the pinnacles of success for a mime – he is the head clown in Cirque de Soleil’s Las Vegas show, Zarkana.
The evening’s program ended with the educational element of the night, the stories of four “typical” borrowers: parents of a child needing counseling, a retired woman needing dental work, someone between jobs in a stressful situation and parents borrowing to finance a modest bar mitzvah. All of these stories served to drive home the significance of HFLA.
The HFLA Centennial Celebration was a chance to celebrate a significant milestone in the community, raise awareness of an organization that is “the best kept secret” in Vancouver while recognizing donors and volunteers who make it all happen. The message for the future is that HFLA is looking for borrowers. For more information on how to apply for a loan, to watch the HFLA video or to find out about how the organization works, check out its newly revamped website at hfla.ca.
MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates-designed RADARSAT-2 features state-of-the-art synthetic aperture radar technology and supports all the existing RADARSAT-1 beam modes, while offering many new capabilities, including the ability to acquire images to the left and right of the satellite. In partnership with Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd., MDA will study the feasibility of an advanced payload for a potential future mission that would enhance the flexibility of the next generation of satellite communications. (photo from MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd.)
On May 26, the Hon. James Moore, minister of industry, announced that two Canadian space firms will be conducting concept studies for potential Canada-Israel space missions. The Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and the Israel Space Agency (ISA) seek to develop advanced applications in satellite communications and position both the Canadian and Israeli space sector to play a significant role in this growing global market.
MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. will study the feasibility of an advanced payload for a potential future mission that would enhance the flexibility of next-generation satellite communications. The firm will conduct this study in partnership with Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. (IAI).
COM DEV International Ltd., with exactEarth, will evaluate the feasibility of a potential Israel-Canada advanced radio and thermal-location µ (micro) satellite (ICARUS) mission. ICARUS would demonstrate a new, low-cost nano-satellite constellation that would use a combination of receivers to locate maritime vessels, thus improving maritime awareness, safety and security. The potential ICARUS mission would be undertaken in collaboration with IAI and Elbit Systems Electro-Optics Elop Ltd.
A memorandum of understanding between CSA and ISA, signed in 2005 and amended in 2014, allows the agencies, private sectors and academia in both countries to cooperate in joint projects or research activities. Each Canadian firm will receive $300,000 to undertake their concept study.
הנשיא המתפטר של פיפ”א ג’זף ספ בלאטר, שאף אחד לא עצוב על שהוא עוזב. (צילום: Agência Brasil via commons.wikimedia.org)
בצל האירועים החמורים בפיפ”א והתפטרותו של הנשיא בלאטר: המונדיאל לנשים יוצא לדרך בסוף השבוע בקנדה
בתקופה הגרועה ביותר בתולדות פיפ”א כשבכירה נחקרים בפרשת שחיתות גדולה, והנשיא המיתולוגי ג’זף ספ בלאטר, נבחר בפעם החמישית לתקופת כהונה נוספת ומייד התפטר לאור הביקורת העצומה נגדו, יפתחו בסוף השבוע בקנדה משחקי המונדיאל לנשים בכדורגל. מדובר בטורניר החשוב והגדול ביותר לנשים וצפוים לחזות בו יותר צופים מי פעם, באצטדיונים ומול מסכי הטלוויזיה.
משחקי גביע העולם לנשים השביעי במספר יחלו ביום שבת הקרוב עם המשחק בין קנדה לסין (באדמונטון), ויימשכו שלושה שבועות. חצאי הגמר יערכו ב-30 ביוני (מונטריאול) וב-1 ביולי (אדמונטון), ואילו הגמר יערך ב-5 ביולי (ונקובר).
עשרים וארבע הנבחרות המשתתפות במונדיאל שובצו בשישה בתים: בית א’: קנדה, סין, ניו זילנד והולנד (החזקות: קנדה מודרגת במקום השמיני בעולם והולנד מדורגת 12). בית ב’: גרמניה, חוף השנהב, נורבגיה ותאילנד (גרמניה מדורגת ראשונה בעולם ונורבגיה 11). בית ג’: יפן, שווייץ, קמרון ואקוודור (יפן מדורגת רביעית בעולם ושוויץ 19). בית ד’ שנחשב “לבית המוות”: ארה”ב, אוסטרליה, שבדיה וניגריה (ארה”ב מדורגת שנייה בעולם, שבדיה חמישית ואוסטרליה עשירית). בית ה’: ברזיל, דרום קוריאה, ספרד וקוסטה ריקה (ברזיל מדורגת במקום השביעי בעולם וספרד 14). ובית ו’: צרפת, אנגליה, קולומביה ומקסיקו (צרפת מדורגת במקום השלישי בעולם ואנגליה שישית).
52 המשחקים יתקיימו (בדרך בכלל לפנות בוקר לפי שעון ישראל) בשישה אצטדיונים בערים הבאות (ממזרח למערב): מונקטון (10,000 מקומות ישיבה), מונטריאול (66,000), אוטווה (24,000), ויניפג (33,000) אדמונטון (56,000) וונקובר (55,000). למעלה ממליון כרטיסים נמכרו למשחקים ובקרב המארגנים מקווים להצליח ולמכור בסה”כ 1.5 מליון כרטיסים, ובכך לשבור את שיא הצפייה במונדיאל לנשים שעמד 1.2 מיליון, בטורניר שנערך בארה”ב ב-1999. קנדה ידועה כמדינה שמכורה להוקי שנחשב כמעט לדת, ולמרות זאת המונדיאל מעורר עניין די גדול כאן בקרב הציבור ובתקשורת.
קנדה שהגיעה למקום האחרון והמבייש במונדיאל הקודם שנערך בגרמניה ב-2011, מדורגת כיום במקום השמיני בעולם, ויש לה מטרה ברורה אחת בטורניר הנוכחי: לזכות בגביע מול קהל ביתי חם ואוהד. אחת הנבחרות הטובות בעולם שלא תשתתף במונדיאל היא צפון קוריאה (מדורגת במקום התשיעי בעולם), כיוון שחלק מהשחקניות שלה נכשלו בבדיקת סמים בטורניר הקודם בגרמניה. יפן זכתה בגביע בגרמניה לאחר שניצחה בגמר את ארה”ב בקרב פנדלים. בהתאם לדרישות פיפ”א כדי למנוע מבוכות כמו בטורנירים קודמים, על השחקניות לעבור בדיקות לקביעת מינן, כדי שחלילה לא יסתתנו לנבחרות גברים שמחופשים לנשים.
בהתאחדות הכדורגל הקנדית לא אוהבים את בלאטר בלשון של המעטה, וכמו בארה”ב ובמדינות רבות באירופה שמחים שיסיים את תפקידו, כך שיתאפשר לפתוח תקופה חדשה בפיפ”א. לנשיא המתפטר אין יחסים טובים עם הכדורגל לנשים, הוא השמיע לא פעם הערות סרקסטיות כלפי שחקניות, והוא אפילו למכיר את הכוכבות של הכדורגל הנשי. למנגינת ליבן של השחקניות רבות שישתתפו במונדיאל בקנדה, בלאטר והנהלת פיפ”א קבעו שהמשחקים יערכו על דשא מלאכותי ולא על דשא טבעי, כמו במשחקי המונדיאל לגברים. השחקניות שטענו שפיפ”א מפלה אותן לרעה ותבעו אותה (התביעה בוטלה בשל קוצר הזמן עד לתחילת המשחקים). לטענתן משחקים על דשא סיננטי מתנהלים בצורה שונה לעומת דשא טבעי, ומספר הפציעות גדול יותר.
לאחר המשחקים בקנדה המונדיאל יחזור לאירופה, וצרפת נבחרה לארח את הטורניר הבא והשמייני מספר שיערך בקיץ של 2019.
נבחרת הנשים של ישראל שנכשלה במוקדמות אליפות העולם, תשתתף בטורניר מוקדמות היורו לנשים בכדורגל שיתקיים בספטמבר. ישראל הוגרלה לבית השמיני עם נורבגיה החזקה, אוסטריה, וויילס וקזחסטן.
A July 2014 Planet Labs satellite image of a reservoir in California’s Lake County that supplies water to nearby Yolo County. In a non-drought year, according to Planet Labs, the visible water would cover roughly twice the area as it does in this picture. (photo from Planet Labs via Wikimedia Commons)
California headlines this month scream “water shortage” – but the shortage is not limited to the western United States. According to a recent report by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, while the demand for freshwater resources is increasing, the supply remains constant and many regions are starting to feel the pressure. The report states that water managers in 40 of 50 states expect water shortages in some portion of their states within the next 10 years.
Amid this grave prognosis, a new Israeli research project might make the Jewish state an important part of the solution.
In what is arguably one of the most innovative water research consortiums to date, researchers from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Australia’s Monash University are working to develop “water-sensitive cities.” The description for the project, which is funded by the Jewish National Fund (JNF), says that water-sensitive cities adopt and combine decentralized and centralized water management solutions to deliver water security. The data gathered from the project may be used to support development of urban master plans in cities in Israel and around the world.
Researchers are grouped into teams, each focusing on a different aspect of creating water-sensitive cities.
Eran Friedler, senior research fellow and head of the Water Forum Project at Technion, leads a team whose objective is to develop a holistic vision for water-sensitive cities in Israel encompassing scientific, economic and societal aspects, and accounting for the potential effects of global warming on temperatures and rainfall regimes. The analysis seeks to quantify the effect of urbanization and changing urban texture on storm water harvesting potential.
Evyatar Erell, a professor in the Bona Terra Department of Man in the Desert at BGU, is responsible for water-sensitive urban planning and design. He explained that his role is to examine conventional hydrological planning of cities and to see how it can be improved. This means reducing impermeable surfaces (sidewalks, parking lots, driveways, etc.) in favor of more permeable surfaces, sometimes innovative ones, such as green roofs or the infusion of small bits of garden along footpaths.
“We are trying to determine how to use water as effectively as possible, to maximize its benefits to pedestrians, reduce energy consumption by our buildings, and ensure environmental sustainability,” said Erell.
On the website deadseascrolls.org.il, visitors can explore the texts of the Dead Sea Scrolls. (screenshot)
Have you ever taped up a torn page? In our household, taping has saved many a book and article from falling apart. Seems like a practical solution, right?
Wrong! While it might do the job on faulty binding or read-it-again storybooks, it hasn’t worked well on extremely old, organic (mostly animal skin) materials, such as the Dead Sea Scrolls. Curator Pnina Shor, who heads up the Israel Antiquities Authority’s Department for the Treatment and Conservation of Artifacts, recently discussed this sticky mess.
According to Shor, for some 2,000 years, the Dead Sea Scrolls had been stored in 11 dark caves below sea level in a steady climate of hot/dry days and cold/dry nights. Beginning with their first discovery in the late 1940s, archeologists transferred the scrolls from the Qumran area to open rooms at Jerusalem’s Rockefeller Museum, some 800 metres above sea level. As anyone who has ever visited Jerusalem and the Dead Sea knows, these places are geographically close, but climatically quite far apart.
At the time, archeologists eagerly wanted to piece together the enormous puzzle of 15,000 (biblical and non-biblical) fragments now at their disposal. Most manuscripts date from the first century BCE to the first century CE, the periods of the Hasmonean and Herodian rule. The archeologists did not know the risks involved in handling such fragile, ancient pieces. So, for example, they touched the parchment with their bare hands, leaving skin oil on the surfaces. They drank their tea and ate their lunch over the texts. (Like the rest of us, researchers are guilty of leaving crumbs and spills.)
In the early second half of the 20th century, archeologists were unaware of the negative consequences of taping torn texts and fragments. They did not realize that the glass panes sandwiching the pieces would put additional weight on the delicate remains.
So, what happened? Sadly, the tape’s adhesive congealed. Some of the texts (especially evident along the edges of the texts) darkened to the point where they became indecipherable to the naked eye.
Measures to contain or reverse the damage began in the 1960s. Unfortunately, this treatment inadvertently resulted in further damage. Until the 1990s, when there was consultation with U.S. preservation experts, it was not understood that the safest environment for the scrolls was a replication of their original storage conditions. Since that time, however, the scrolls have been stored in a climate-controlled laboratory, and exhibited in like conditions for extremely limited periods of time.
Between 1990-2009, the Dead Sea Scrolls Publication Project put out 32 volumes, entitled Discoveries in the Judean Desert. These reports are based on the original infrared photography conducted from the 1950s-60s. The infrared negatives are referred to as PAM (Palestine Archeological Museum).
Four full-time conservationists work on the scrolls. The specialists repair each piece separately, depending on the condition of the leather or papyrus. If you have ever tried removing Scotch tape, you have a sense of what it can do to the material underneath.
The aging adhesive is painstaking removed using a water-based adhesive. Staff members lift stains using a kind of dry poultice. The writings are then placed on acid-free cardboard, lightly covered by Japanese tissue paper. They are housed in solander boxes.
Over the past several years, the IAA has come to feel responsible for sharing these ancient finds, not just with the professional world of archeologists, biblical researchers and historians, but with the public at large. So, on the one hand, some of the scrolls are lent to foreign museums for temporary exhibition. (Currently, the Los Angeles-based California Science Centre has a show.) The more compelling outcome of the new IAA policy, however, has been the mounting of the scrolls to the internet. This undertaking goes by the name of the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library project, which has brought experts from far afield.
NASA’s Dr. Gregory Bearman was among those who served as a consultant for imaging technologies. With the assistance of various outside experts, a spectral imaging protocol was established, and it applies to the copying of all the writing:
Displaying the “raw” image alongside the full, enhanced version so others can see both the beginning and end point of the work that has been done.
Documenting the imaging procedure so another scholar, employing basically the same image and tools, can replicate the procedure. In that way, the investigator can better judge the degree of subjectivity involved in a given set of image manipulators.
Labeling aggressively enhanced images as electronic reconstructions, that is, the scholar’s best judgment of what s/he thinks should be there, as opposed to what really is there.
The operating philosophy is to cause no [irreversible] harm. Bearman explained some of the benefits of applying spectral photography, namely that it can “determine the amount of water present in the parchment from which the scrolls are made. Data such as this has added value for conservation and preservation issues. If, for example, we discover that the parchments are too dry, it will be necessary to modify the conditions in which they are maintained.”
In his grey-walled photo lab, Shai Halevi spoke about how he photographs and stores the fragments using multi-spectral photography. Working with Google Research, he photographs the fragments using colors both visible (there are seven bands in this range) and invisible (there are five bands in this range) to the naked eye. Thus, letters that had been illegible are now digitally readable using infrared wavelengths in combination with spectroscopy. You have to see it to believe it:
Halevi described how he copies the fragment from a variety of angles, altering the resolution so that we (the viewing public) will be able to navigate around any part of a scanned image and magnify or reduce any section. Using different filters, Halevi allows us, for example, to see parchment folds appear and disappear at will.
He saves the images in a databank maintained by Google. For each fragment, there are 28 frontal images (referred to as “recto”), 28 back images (“verso”) and two extra color images, which the spectral imaging creates. The internet goal is twofold: first, to have all the fragments uploaded for open viewing and, second, to eventually add transcriptions and translations for all the text.
Recently, perhaps with a gesture toward Shavuot, which celebrates our receiving of the Ten Commandments, Shor brought out an ancient manuscript containing the Decalogue. This inscription is part of a very small scroll (its width is only 2.56 inches, or 6.5 centimetres) containing excerpts from the Book of Deuteronomy. It lists two reasons for keeping the Sabbath: what we know as the Masoretic text of Deuteronomy 5:15, the commemoration of the Exodus, that is, with a strong hand and outstretched arm, G-d took our ancestors from Egypt; and what we know as the Masoretic text of Exodus 20:11, the commemoration of Creation, that is, G-d created the world in six days and rested on the seventh.
This and other texts are within easy reach on the website of the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library (deadseascrolls.org.il).
Deborah Rubin Fieldsis an Israel-based features writer. She is also the author of Take a Peek Inside: A Child’s Guide to Radiology Exams, published in English, Hebrew and Arabic.
Dr. Robert Krell with the Hon. Coralee Oakes (left), minister of community, sport and cultural development, and the Hon. Judith Guichon, OBC, lieutenant governor of British Columbia. (photo fromB.C. Achievement Foundation)
On April 24, 2015, Dr. Robert Krell was among those honored at the 12th Annual British Columbia Community Achievement Awards ceremony held at Government House in Victoria, where he received a B.C. Community Achievement Award medallion and certificate.
“These honorees exemplify what it is to go above and beyond; to do what needs to be done and to give without question their time and energy for the betterment of their communities,” said Keith Mitchell QC, representing the British Columbia Achievement Foundation.
In a personal letter received from the premier of British Columbia, Christy Clark, Krell was honored for his “many years of commitment to developing anti-racism, antisemitism and Holocaust education programs for people of all ages. By establishing the Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre in 1994 and documenting Holocaust survivors’ testimonials, you have ensured that no one will ever forget what Jewish people went through during the war. Your work with child survivor groups is further testament to your dedication to helping people gather together, talk to one another and know they are not alone in dealing with the aftermath of what they and their families experienced.”
Hidden as a child in the Netherlands during the Holocaust, child and family psychiatrist and University of British Columbia professor emeritus, Krell understands the necessity of Holocaust remembrance: learning from its lessons, providing education, supporting survivors and ensuring their stories are not lost. In addition to founding the VHEC, he also founded a group for child survivors, giving voice to their experience.
